How to grow eggplants in the open field

How to grow eggplants in the open field? Those who are engaged in gardening for a long time, probably already know all the secrets of this heat-loving vegetable. Newbies sometimes make mistakes. Therefore, their eggplants grow poorly.

Let us analyze a step-by-step strategy, starting from seeds and ending with full fruits.

Where to plant eggplants

Land for planting begin to prepare in the fall. Choose a sunny place that is not blown by drafts. It is advisable to observe crop rotation and not to plant eggplants after other solanaceous crops. The soil must be made light, loose, but fertile. To do this, make fresh manure, peat, dolomite flour and sand.

In the sandy ground add sod or clay. Then all this is carefully digged in the winter.In this case, select all visible weed roots. The fact is that at first, eggplants grow very slowly. Therefore, their weeds overtake. So this will have to follow.

In the spring to the beds make well-rotten compost, once again dig and harrow. So that the soil warms up faster, it is covered with a thick black film or non-woven material, leaving the planting until the very day.

Council When digging in the fall, do not break large clumps. So frost in the winter can get to the pupae of pests and weed seeds.

How to prepare eggplant seeds for sowing

This culture springs up very long. In order to shorten the time, you need to properly prepare the seeds. To start, choose a grade. It should be zoned in your area. The ripening period is chosen early, otherwise the fruit can never wait until the frost. Because the standard vegetation cycle of eggplant is about 160 days.

After selecting the seeds, be sure to pickle them. Pathogenic bacteria and fungal spores may be present on the coat. To destroy them is very simple.It is necessary to prepare a hot (not higher than + 50 ° C) dark maroon solution of potassium permanganate. Drop the seeds in there and leave for 18 minutes. This time is enough for the destruction of all infection.

Now you need to recharge eggplant seeds. That is, add a little energy to their own life forces. To do this, make a warm (+ 38-40 ° C) solution of any adaptogen, and planting material is placed in it for 8 hours. This may be aloe juice, zircon, epin.

After charging, take a plate or container. At the bottom put a flap of cotton tissue or several layers of loose toilet paper. Gauze is also suitable. Eggplant seeds are spread on this pillow, covered with a second layer of cloth or paper. On top of the entire contents of the container a little moisturize, quite a bit. Then put in a dark warm place.

The design should be checked every day. If necessary, sprinkle lightly with warm water from a spray bottle. At about 4-5 days, the seeds begin to peck. Now you can sow them.

Council Do not close the plate or container tightly. There may be mold and destroy all your labors.

How and when to sow eggplants on seedlings

The dates for sowing eggplants vary by region. Landing time is easy to calculate. In the open ground, plants are planted at about 27-29 days of age. Plus time for soaking (5 days), plus 3 days for shoots. Simple calculations show 35-37 days for everything.

It is customary to plant eggplants at the time of mass flowering of dandelions. Knowing this time in your region, you can easily calculate the beginning of work with seeds. For example, dandelions are blooming around May 20th. Minus 35 days, it turns out on April 15. That's about this time and start farming classes.

Council Do not rush to sow eggplants ahead of time. Overgrown seedlings do not take root well and are sick for a long time.

How to sow eggplants? Yes, like tomatoes. At a depth of no more than 1.2 cm. The soil is pre-frozen on the street or in the freezer, then shed by a very hot solution of potassium permanganate. Sowing can only be done 12 hours after processing.

You can simply spread out the seeds that have spiked on the surface, then sprinkle them with loose soil. From above, all this good is slightly moisturized and cleaned in a dark warm place. After about 3 days, the first shoots should appear.Do not wait for the rest. It is necessary to urgently take out containers to the light, but the temperature should not be lower than + 20 ° C.

It is even better to sow the eggplants immediately in separate containers. Because they are not very fond of picking. At least two or three seeds in a glass. So the plants will get more light than when thickened plantings. And they will not reach up.

Council You can put eggplants in peat tablets or glasses. Then, when transplanting into open ground, the root system is almost not damaged.

How to care for eggplant seedlings

In general, you need to constantly remember that eggplant loves heat. Throughout the growth time. This is an immutable rule. Otherwise, young plants do not require any unusual conditions.

Regular airing and watering with warm distilled water, that's all that is needed to eggplants before planting in the ground.

The only requirement: after the appearance of the first pair of these leaves, eggplant must be carefully fed. To do this, take any complex mineral fertilizer and carefully read the manufacturer's instructions. Then they are strictly followed.

And further.Try not to overdo it with nitrogen. The plant will quickly increase the green mass, but you can not wait for flowers.

Council Do not increase the dosage of fertilizer ever. Burn the root system completely.

How to plant eggplant seedlings in the ground

There are no terrible secrets or military secrets here either. They mark the rows at a distance of 50 cm. Make a hole with an improvised tool in 25-30 cm. A liter of warm water is poured into each well. Immediately in the slush carefully put the seedlings together with a lump of earth.

At the same time, eggplant should already have at least 5 true leaves. After immersion, the hole near the trunk of the plant is covered with loose earth. From above you can pee or sand. Old sawdust will do. Only they must lie on the street for at least 3 years.

The first 5 days eggplant pritenyat from the scorching sun with a light cloth, non-woven material or plywood board. Then the shelter can be removed.

Council Do not rush to pour eggplants now. It is better to once thoroughly spill them under the stem of the root solution.

How to care for eggplant

A plant of the family Solanaceae.So caring for him will not be much different from caring for tomatoes. Regular shallow loosening, weeding - this is important for most garden crops. Eggplant is no exception.

To form a plant is not necessary. It is better once to pinch the top of the central shoot at a height of about 33 cm. If you remove the stepsons and their ilk, then a decent proportion of the crop is lost. After all, on one bush can ripen at the same time up to 22 fruits of various degrees of ripeness.

To eggplant could endure such an amount of harvest, it must be fed. Do it about once every 12-16 days. It does not matter what kind of fertilizer is used. Eggplant reacts equally well to organic matter and to mineral water. Just do not give too much urea. Let it be a phosphorus-potassium mixture, infusion of mullein, bird droppings, liquid green fertilizer.

Watering eggplant need strictly warm water. It is desirable that this was drip irrigation or under the root. Sprinkling is too wasteful way.

Sometimes, during a cool summer, you need to remove all the lower leaflets on the plant before the first ovary. So eggplant will be easier to air and not pick up any infection.

Some sources recommend fencing beds with eggplants, because the plant does not like drafts. Just do not need anything to fence. It will be quite enough to plant near tall plants as a backstage. Of course, excluding the south side. By the way, where does the draft come from in the open ground? No doors, no windows ... All this nonsense. Light and heat should be enough, and eggplant spit on drafts.

But what plants are sensitive to is to elevated temperatures. When the thermometer reads above + 28 ° C, the ovary is only partially pollinated. Subsequently, ugly fruits are obtained. If the thermometer shows above + 35 ° C, then the eggplant can simply throw off the ovary.

Here just sprinkling will help. The procedure helps to reduce the temperature. Or it is necessary to prune the plants in order not to lose the harvest.

Eggplant Pests

Very many sources are silent about the special love of Colorado beetles to eggplant. Sometimes mentioned casually. But insects react to the plant as a drug addict for a dose. They overcome any obstacles just to get to the coveted bush.

Just a few hours from the eggplant does not remain even twigs stems. Beetles devour the entire plant, along with leaves and flowers.

What to do? Do not give up. Here are 3 scenarios:

1. Will have to use insecticides. Get any working against the Colorado beetles and sprayed plants. It is important not to podgadat at the time of flowering, otherwise poison and useful insects. It is better to insure and spray the eggplant before opening the buds. Sometimes it is enough two treatments per summer.
2. Collect foes by hand. Feasible if planted 5 bushes. With a large number of plants, you will literally have to live on the beds, because the Colorado beetles will attack in crowds. Without exaggeration.
3. Use infusions and decoctions of fragrant herbs or flowers. Marigold, mint, tansy, pine, valerian. Choose any plant from the non-poisonous, but with a strong own smell. Pour boiling water for several hours. Then filter and spray planting eggplant.

We'll have to soak plants third-party aroma constantly. The smell quickly disappears, and the Colorado beetles will find a delicacy again.

By the way, only one source advised to sprinkle eggplants with plain wheat flour mixed with ash. Proportions 1 to 1. Preferably, on wet leaves for better adhesion. There is no reliable information, the effectiveness has not been verified by scientific methods. But reviews say the way works. Most Colorado beetles do not disappear, but they become less at times.

If there is a desire, then you can first try to use this powder on several plants. It works, so you can powder for all landings.

Council Do not discard slush and remaining after insisting raw materials. They can also be expanded in between the rows, let them stink and repel pests.

How to grow eggplants in the open field? As you can see, there is no secret in this knowledge. The right choice of seeds, competent care and protection from pests - that’s all the difficulties of agricultural technology. Growing eggplants on your own is easy!

Video: The secret to growing eggplant