How to grow Chinese cabbage in the garden

How did one famous artist say in his famous monologue? “Lord! He's still with the words! ”It is precisely this phrase that I want to characterize the information of most articles from sources on the Internet. And the query in the search engine was simple. How to grow Peking cabbage in the garden?

Well, it would seem, what is simpler: observe the planting time and simple agrotechnology, then harvest the crop. And you read some authors, and immediately the above phrase comes to mind.

And it would be okay if people who were knowledgeable read it, laughed and went to practice bikinka. But after all these articles are read by beginners. And follow the unfortunate recommendations. Then it turns out a waste of time, effort, planting material. Because a full-fledged head of cabbage does not grow up with such advice.

We analyze errors and "claims" for the ultimate truth.

Landing time

Let's start with the fact that Peking cabbage starts to shoot out at a long light day. That is, more than 11 hours. In addition, almost every source recommends planting seeds around the beginning of May.

And now we count. The head matures in about 48-57 days from germination. We count this time from the landing time. We get what? Mid or end of June. The time of the longest daylight hours. What crop can be poured in this mode? Mighty arrows.

Correct actions. To sow seedlings for Beijing cabbage need in late March or early April. Then by June the plants will ripen. At the same time they will tie up full-fledged dense cabbages. True, such a crop is stored very badly. It should be used for summer consumption.

For long-term storage, peking is sown in the middle or end of July. Then by September the crop ripens, which lies quietly until the New Year holidays.

Temperature conditions

For the same terms we are looking at another trend. Beijing does not like the heat. The optimum temperature for the best growth is not lower than +12 and not higher than + 22 ° С. And in recent years, what temperatures are in May and June, even in the middle zone? The thermometer often creeps away far above + 25 ° С.

Well, what kind of Peking cabbage can endure such mockery? Of course, no head to wait.

Correct actions. We look above in terms of sowing. It is then that the most optimal air temperature is obtained for good growth of Chinese cabbage.

Sowing

Peking cabbage is practically a salad. And its root system is appropriate. Therefore, after the picking, Peking has been ill for a long time and is not taking well. But no, once said to put in peat tablets and then transplanted into the ground with the destruction of the soil coma, then it should be so! Or strictly in peat glasses and nowhere else.

Correct actions. Sow Beijing cabbage immediately into the ground. Be sure to double the film. Young shoots are afraid even of zero temperature. But plants with 2 pairs of these leaves can withstand short-term frosts down to -3 ° C.

But not everyone has the opportunity to cover every hole. In this case, the planting is carried out in a mini-greenhouse Just be sure to plant a peking less often. Her leaves are wide, you need a lot of places. The optimal scheme will be 4.5 by 4.5 cm. Just do not need to measure the distance with a ruler. Just take the cardboard backing from under the eggs.Then lay on the ground and press down. Lift and admire smooth neat holes. Put one seed in each, sprinkle it with earth and set a shelter.

To plant such plantings in the garden is a real pleasure. Thoroughly spilled the earth, after half an hour, gently pushed Peking cabbage with a spatula along with a clod of earth. Then they solemnly but quickly dragged the landing site to the future and put it in the hole. Before that, a teaspoon of wood ash was added to the hole, preferably from hardwood. And poured 800-1000 ml of lukewarm clean water.

Here in this tasty muck they push the whole lump of earth without damaging the root system. Quick and good.

If it is not possible to sow peking in the ground or in the mini-greenhouse, then this is not a reason to give up. Seedlings of Beijing cabbage can be safely grown on the windowsill, along with the usual tomatoes and peppers. And even in peat tablets. Only then, during the transplant to a permanent place, do not expose the roots. Put in the hole directly with a pill. It does not hurt the plant. The transfer method is generally always better for any plant.

Council Peat cups are perfectly replaced by ordinary plastic or polyethylene. Pour the soil and sow cabbage.Before transplanting it is watered well, so that the earth is tightly wrapped around the roots. Then the risk of damaging them will be minimal.

Preparation of beds

Most sources recommend cooking the land just before planting. Well, yes, observing their deadlines, it is quite possible not to hurry. But we sowed peking on our schedule. So the time of cultivation will have to move accordingly.

Correct actions. Since they plant Peking cabbage early, the garden will have to be cooked in the fall. In the spring the land will be too saturated with moisture for high-quality processing. What should be done?

1. Weed the plot.
2. Dilute the soil. To do this, use the usual chalk, dolomite flour, lime fluff. Do not try to use egg shells. In order for it to work, it takes several years and a sufficiently large number of it.
3. Make a large amount of fat compost, be sure to mature. Or, well, rotted manure. Beijing cabbage needs a large amount of nutrients in a short time.
4. Mineral fertilizers will have to be added. Organic is beautifulbut peking grows well and develops only in the presence of molybdenum and boron. Therefore, we look at the packaging content of these substances and use strictly according to the instructions.

After piling everything on the future garden bed on the list, you will have to dig it deep. We advise on the entire length of the spade bayonet and especially not to break up large lumps. And even more so - not to harrow the earth. Larger clots of land may contain larvae, pupae, and adult insects of many pests. By leveling the soil, you create the perfect shelter for wintering.

And in large blocks they sleep peacefully. In winter comes frost and oppa! A decent handful of pests and enemies will be less.

Variety selection

Very surprised by several sources of information on the network. They claim that only one variety of Chinese cabbage is allowed for cultivation in Russia. What caused such a statement - we did not understand. Maybe the notorious "preteens"?

Correct actions. Now on the market represented a great variety of varieties of Chinese cabbage. All of them passed tests with honor and were allowed to land in Russia. Sometimes the eyes run, you do not know which one to choose.

It is very easy to determine on one basis: the ripening time. We look at the bag, read carefully. We are interested in the figure of no more than 60 days. Here we take this variety.

Not bad, if it turns out to be a hybrid of the Dutch selection. Such seeds with high-quality care and compliance with the terms give a dense head of cabbage weighing up to 1300 g.

Care for Chinese cabbage

Almost all unfortunate recommendations are reduced to one thing: Peking cabbage grows by itself. Just throw a seed on the garden bed, and now the crisp, even-headed head jumps.

True, it is not mentioned that the gardener will have to jump a little around the landings himself. Otherwise, the crop is not visible.

Correct actions. In fact, Chinese cabbage is a rather unassuming culture in terms of agricultural technology. But this does not mean that she does not need care. Weeding and regular loosening are needed only before the closure of the leaves in a row. Then the plants will cope on their own. But watering and fertilizing needed constantly. After all, two months from the sprouting peking need to gain a decent green mass.

Watering. Once a week in normal weather is required. More and not necessary, because we grow it at cool temperatures.It is advisable not to chvikat from the watering can on the tops, but to shed the soil to a depth of at least 14-16 cm. The ground itself serves as a guide. Raised the mug, looked. Has dried up, it means we water. Wet, so while with some water we will weather.

Feeding. Need necessarily. At least three times.

1. The day after transplantation in open ground. Root solution plus diluted organic fertilizer. It is completely amissable liquid green.
2. 2 weeks after landing on a permanent place. Any mineral complex fertilizer with a high content of nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum and boron.
3. One month after transplant. Diluted infusion of mullein, bird droppings or liquid green fertilizer.

Of course, without dressings Peking cabbage will not die, and even grow. But her taste will be rather weak, and the size of the head will leave much to be desired.

Diseases

Absolutely all sources come up with "pretends" that Peking cabbage in our climate is not sick with anything. They say that her growing cycle is too short and she simply does not have time to get sick.

Do not make me laugh. Even the radish in 3 weeks has time to get sick, and then the whole two months! During this time, the plants can take a fancy and powdery mildew, and keel, and mucous bacteriosis.

Correct actions. We are in a hurry to “delight”. It is useless to treat affected plants. Popular methods of dealing with such sores are not invented, and the use of fungicides is impractical. Just because of the too short growing season.

The poison will have time to act on pathogenic bacteria and fungal spores, but not enough time to get out of the plant cells completely. Even people who are not in the category of supporters of organic farming, are well aware of all the unpleasantness of eating such cabbage.

There are two ways out:

1. Root out the damaged plants, then burn them outside the site. The soil should be thoroughly disinfected with a hot, strong solution of potassium permanganate, and a day later with phytosporin solution.
2. Engage in prevention to avoid infection.

The main measure is the careful observance of crop rotation and soil deoxidation. Do not plant any cruciferous crops in a row every year. The cabbage is returned to its former place not earlier than in 4 years. Read about deoxidation above.

Pests

Here we will show complete unanimity with the authors of other articles.No pests on Chinese cabbage chemistry can not be poisoned categorically. Otherwise, you will then have to eat some poisonous leaves.

But there is a solution. It is necessary to spray plantings with broths of strongly smelling herbs once a week. But not poisonous! For example, a decoction of leaves or flowers of marigolds, pine needles, valerian flowers or mint leaves.

Or, for the entire period, keep planting Peking cabbage under a thin non-woven fabric - this is from a flying glutton. At the same time the soil is sprinkled with coarse ash or dry sand - this is from crawling.

How to grow Peking cabbage in the garden? As you can see, it is not very difficult. The main thing is to comply with the terms and properly care. Then the harvest will please.

Video: how to grow Chinese cabbage