How to grow oyster mushrooms

How to grow oyster mushrooms at home? By a certain technology. Then do not have to spend money to buy mushrooms. And certainly it will be possible to safely eat them without fear of poisoning.

Where to begin

You should always begin with acquaintance with the experience of other people, so to speak - the study of the materiel. There are many articles and videos about growing oyster mushrooms at home. After review, you will need:

Two rooms. One directly for growing, the second - for the incubation period. It is assumed that this will be one room. Then it is necessary to strictly observe the temperature and regulate the level of humidity.

• Nutrient substrate. Sold ready, packaged.
• Mycelium itself.Pay special attention to the expiration date.
• Fan. The most common, household.
• Antiseptic. Medical alcohol or chlorine solution.
• Rubber gloves, gauze face bandage, sharp knife, thick plastic bags.

Naturally, one must have patience (the process is not of one day) and the desire to taste our own oyster mushroom.

Requirements for the room

To grow mushrooms at home you need to allocate a separate room. Not necessarily it should be a bedroom or living room. Basement, cellar, barn, garage - this all fits perfectly. For the incubation period, the temperature should be maintained no higher than 24-26 ° C, the humidity of the air should not exceed 70%.

Separately, you need to say about cleanliness. Flush with chlorine every centimeter is not worth it. It is better to process the sulfur-smoke checker or just whitewash the walls with lime with the addition of blue vitriol. Then no foreign mold will infect the mycelium.

The most important condition is that all air vents should be closed with a fine-mesh mesh. Mushroom flies and strive to fly on the flavor of mycelium and spoil the whole idea from the outset.

For the period of germination and harvest, the humidity in the room should be 80-95%, the temperature should not exceed 18 ° С.

Council Basement or cellar - the most optimal premises. In such places there is always high humidity, and the temperature can be raised with an ordinary heater.

Preparation of substrate for oyster mushrooms

As a nutrient medium for growing oyster mushrooms at home, you can use any of the available substrates, just to contain cellulose. Mycelium feeds on her. Experienced mushroom growers use sawdust, small branches or shavings. For starters, it’s best to use:

• barley straw
• sunflower seed husks
• corn stalks, leaves
• wheat straw
• buckwheat husk
• peeled corn cobs

First of all, you need to carefully review the prepared raw materials. The mass should be clean and dry. The presence of mold or the presence of only the smell of rotting already suggests that the raw material is not suitable for growing oyster mushrooms.

After selecting the mass, it is necessary to thermally process it for reliability. This will get rid of harmful bacteria, insect larvae, and at the same time moisten it.To do this, pour raw materials into a metal dish, pour it with clean water. Heat to boiling, boil for about 40 minutes. After leaving for 3 hours.

Next, the excess water is drained, and the raw material is placed under a press to remove residual liquid. Or poured the substrate into a fabric bag and hang.

As soon as the temperature of the mass drops to 24-26 ° C, you can start landing.

Council For best results, add some fresh yeast before planting. Approximately 50 g per 15 kg total weight.

Planting material

Mycelium of good quality is very difficult to prepare. Therefore, it is better to buy it in seed shops or from enterprises for growing oyster mushrooms. How many gram is required? Calculate is very simple. 10 kg of raw materials need about 400 g of mycelium.

First of all, before buying you need to carefully inspect the bag with planting material. Gray or black spots, a distinct smell of ammonia, are signs of incipient mold. Such a mycelium for landing is not suitable. The color of the vegetative body of the fungus should be from bright yellow to orange.

It is not recommended to order planting material through Internet resources. After all, the photograph can be depicted is not what is in the package.

CouncilIf the mycelium was purchased in advance, then it should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 9 days before planting. The temperature of 3-5 ° C is the most optimal.

The most crucial moment

The substrate was prepared, the planting material was purchased and the bed was already bedded at room temperature. Take a deep breath, you can start.

The most important thing - the room should not be the slightest draft. The spores of the mushrooms are very volatile. The slightest breath and then you can find oyster mushrooms in places that are completely unsuitable for them.

All instruments must be disinfected. Knife, tight packages, hands. You can thoroughly wash with soap or wipe with aseptoline. Hands can be additionally protected with gloves. They also need to be treated with antiseptic. Be sure to wear a gauze bandage. Getting a fungus spore into the lungs is not a very pleasant event.

Directly the process itself:

• Mycelium crumble without opening the package.
• Raw materials are poured at the bottom of the prepared plastic bag.
• On top of a thin layer lay out the vegetative body of oyster mushroom.
• Repeat layers to the top.
• The bag is tightly knotted.

In order for the mushrooms to sprout faster, it is advisable to fold the planting material closer to the walls of the bag than to the center.

You can do even easier. Pour the raw material into the prepared bags, make small cuts with a knife. They lay the mycelium, then sealed.

Council Do not take huge packages. All the same, oyster mushrooms will grow only outside. The most optimal size holds about 5-8 kg of the finished mixture.

Incubation period

So, the bags are filled, tied, waiting for their fate. Which one Warm, dark, calm. In the room for incubation should be a temperature not higher than 18-20 ° C. The substrate is very hot, the vegetative body may die. It is impossible to air the room, the emitted carbon dioxide is very important for the germination of oyster mushroom.

What to do? Fan! Will save the situation, help cool packages, does not make drafts.

A day after the bookmark, previously made sections open. If the mycelium was laid in layers, then it is imperative to make cuts with a sharp knife. Vertical 2-3 cm high, horizontal width of about 0.5 cm, the distance between them is 10-12 cm.

Packages should not be tight to each other.Between them leave free space of at least 7-9 cm.

The incubation time depends on the variety, ranging from 16 to 24 days. Detailed information can be obtained from the manufacturer, or read on the package.

It is important to periodically enter the room and inspect the bags. The appearance of black spots, an unpleasant smell suggests that the tools and materials were not sufficiently decontaminated. The normal state is the light, almost white color of the contents, the characteristic pleasant aroma of mushrooms.

Council Inspection is carried out as quickly as possible. Any light now is not desirable for mycelium.

The first fruiting. Important aspects

It is important not to miss the moment of the appearance of oyster mushroom rudiments. They can be seen with the naked eye. On a white background - gray bumps. Meanwhile, bags of mushrooms transferred to another room, or change the conditions in the same:

• The temperature is reduced to 10-18 ° C.
• Increase air humidity up to 90-95%.
• They put artificial lighting with fluorescent lamps for a period of at least 8 hours per day.
• Be sure to ventilate the room. At least 4 times a day.

The main factor for the period of first fruiting is moisture. However, it is impossible to water the oyster mushrooms.They can rot, not reaching its size. The ideal way out of this situation would be frequent spraying of walls, floor, and spraying water in the air. You should ensure that water does not fall on the caps of mushrooms and bags.

Council If you need light-colored oyster mushrooms, then the temperature is kept at 12 ° C. To obtain a dark cap, the temperature is raised to 18 ° C.

Second fruiting

After the first harvest is gathered, the mushroom blocks are not thrown away! Oyster gives from one landing to 5 harvests. Mycelium rests for about 12 days, then pleases with a new portion of useful delicacy. It is very important not to change the conditions during the breaks between crops. Then one unit can bear fruit for up to 4 months.

And if there is no separate room

How to grow oyster mushrooms at home, if there is no separate room? Yes, it is also very simple! When did this stop the Russian person, if he needed? There is no basement, which means growing on stumps is quite an alternative option.

This will require:

• Smooth hemp non-resinous tree species.
• Planting material.
• A secluded place in the garden with good shade.
• Burlap, film.
• Enthusiasm is welcome.

The wood must be healthy, without mildew, rot or rot. It is desirable that before use it lay no longer than 10 months. Poles are soaked in clean water for 3 days, pressing them with a yoke so that they do not float.

Then holes are made in the tree, best of all with a drill. The diameter is about 1-1.5 cm, the depth is about 5-7 cm. The oyster mushroom planting material falls asleep inside, the holes are capped with moss. If there are no drills on hand, then just cut off the upper end of the log 5 cm thick, inflict a vegetative body. From above put received saw cut. For reliability, you can strengthen the structure with nails.

The procedure is carried out in March. Before planting logs in the garden, they are put in a pyramid, closed with sacking and foil. Periodic airing, regular inspection for mold formation is the key to success. After some time, the mycelium completely braided wood, hemp whiten.

With the onset of warm weather (middle or end of May), pole trees are planted in the garden. Choose the shaded places: under the trees, grapes, on the north side of buildings. Hemp is set vertically, buried in the ground at 12-15 cm. At the bottom of the dimples you can put wet leaves or soaked old barley grains.

Caring for logs is only a careful irrigation of the soil around, if there is a dry hot weather.

With the observance of technology, the first harvest appears from the end of August. It lasts until mid-November, depending on the climate and weather conditions. For the winter, the woods are closed with spruce branches or covered with leaves. Ideal - birch. They disinfect well and do not let the mycelium rot.

Of course, such a method is not suitable for industrial cultivation of oyster mushrooms, but for home use it is very good. With low cost you can get good yields. The only negative is seasonality. Oyster mushrooms do not grow under snow in winter.

Council Such pole with the clusters of oyster mushrooms can be an original decoration of the site. They can cook as much as enough free land. Mushrooms enough for yourself and relatives and for sale.

Few nuances

1. All work on the cultivation of oyster mushroom recommended in a gauze bandage. Mushrooms secrete a large amount of spores, which can lead to allergies.
2. When harvesting, oyster mushrooms unscrew the arms from the substrate. When cutting with a knife, you can infect the mycelium with putrefactive bacteria,then the next harvest will have to be forgotten. The remaining roots of mushrooms also harm mycelium. Through them a large amount of moisture is lost.
3. When the slightest signs of mold appear in one of the bags, you must immediately remove it from the room so that the others will not become infected.
4. Spent substrate is an excellent fertilizer, it will be a pity to throw it out. To take out to the garden or pour out in the garden is the right decision. By the way, the remains of the mycelium next year can give a small crop of oyster mushrooms, if you pour the mixture somewhere near the reservoir or under the trees.
5. When grown indoors, the most fruitful first two waves of fruiting. On the poles the most prolific second and third year of cultivation.

Growing oyster mushrooms yourself at home is quite a real deal. Just follow the instructions and enjoy the result!

Video: Oyster Cultivation Technology