How to grow Bulgarian pepper in the open field

How to grow bell pepper? Science is not complicated. It only takes a lot of time, patience and a little effort. You can not just take the seeds and plant them in the ground. Bulgarian pepper has a very long vegetative period. Therefore, he simply does not have time to mature.

In general, those who plant peppers on their plot not for the first year know all the subtleties and nuances. We will list the most basic ones. So that newcomers in agriculture can enjoy their harvest without mistakes and losses.

What is important for bell peppers? Yes, a lot of things. Key questions always concern:

• seed selection
• soil preparation for seedlings and planting in the ground
• growing seedlings
• landing dates
• care and dressing

Each item in the list is important.Let it only look impressive. In fact, at any stage it does not take much effort. Much more important is to strictly follow the recommendations and you will be happy and whole baskets of sweet pepper.

What seeds of bell pepper to choose

The most important thing in this business is the shelf life of seeds. Do not trust manufacturers who write on bags of double or triple terms. Whatever superpacking was, the shelf life of seeds of Bulgarian pepper is only 12 months. With further storage germination drops sharply. Therefore, buy only fresh.

Another important factor is the ripening time. There are varieties with a vegetative period of up to 150 days. Commercials and the New Year harvest holidays will not wait. Choose ultrafast varieties. They will appear in all its glory in 70-80 days.

Council Do not be afraid to try different varieties and experiment. Perhaps you will collect a whole collection of your favorite bell peppers.

How to prepare the ground for sweet pepper

For seedlings. Yes, Bulgarian pepper is grown through seedlings. To do this, you must first prepare the ground.You can independently make a mixture of loose earth, sand and humus. Proportions 2 to 1 to 1. Or purchase a special primer in the store.

In any case, it needs to be processed. First, the soil is exposed to frost. After 3 days, they are put into heat, allowed to thaw. Then laid out in a wide metal containers that will freely enter the oven. The earth is poured well with a strong solution of potassium permanganate, then calcined in an oven at 110-120 ° C until completely dry.

In this way, almost all larvae of pests and pathogens can be eliminated. Which, by the way, can calmly sit in store soil.

For landing in the ground. Land is prepared in the fall. Under digging make organic or mineral fertilizers. This may be rotted manure, ripe compost, fatty humus. Of mineral recommended potassium sulfate, superphosphate.

In the spring, 5 days before the proposed planting, the soil is treated for the prevention of late blight. Copper preparations (vitriol, Bordeaux mixture) or phytosporin are suitable for this.

How to grow seedlings of sweet pepper

So, prepared the ground.What will be the next steps? The correct schedule is as follows:

1. Bulgarian pepper seeds are soaked for 20 minutes in a warm strong solution of potassium permanganate. Then washed with clean water. This will disinfect them.
2. Then the seeds are soaked for 12 hours in a solution of biostimulant. If it is not at hand, then just in warm water. Just add a small piece of aloe leaf, cut along.
3. After this procedure, the seeds are not washed. They are laid on a damp cloth or toilet paper, covered with glass package. And put in a warm dark place. Approximately within 24 hours, seeds with normal germination should slip. Now they are ready to sow.

Sowing is quite simple. Prepared containers filled with soil to a height of 3-4 cm. The surface is leveled and lightly crushed. The tilted seeds are gently laid out, then sprinkled on top of a layer of earth with a thickness of 1-1.5 cm. They are slightly moisturized, again put into darkness and heat.

After 6-7 days, a maximum of Bulgarian pepper springs up. From now on, he needs good lighting from 7 am to 9 pm, the temperature is not lower than + 22 ° C. As you have noticed, pepper loves heat very much.It even needs to be watered only with warm water.

Sweet pepper does not like picking. He does not like at all when he is disturbed. Touch, transplant, cut off. But some measures are necessary. For example, a pick should be carried out necessarily. Otherwise, the roots in the process of growth will be confused, and the plant itself will be long, thin and weak. Make it when it will be clearly visible two true sheets. Cotyledons do not count.

Selected Bulgarian pepper in cups of two pieces at a time. And they try not to turn over more until the transplantation into open ground.

Watch the soil carefully. It should always be moderately wet, but not damp. If necessary, periodically sprinkle shoots from the spray gun. This water is enough for irrigation. Nutrient mixture also consumed by the leaves. The root system of sweet pepper is still too weak, but the leaves are quite capable of absorbing the right amount of top dressing.

Seedlings of sweet peppers need to gradually harden. Otherwise, it will be painful and weak. To do this, gradually reduce the air temperature to 15-16 ° C. This can be achieved by putting sprouts on a balcony or in an unheated terrace for a while.

Council If you have a greenhouse or greenhouse, you can put cups there for a day.The nights in April are still cold, so bring the seedlings into the house.

When to plant Bulgarian pepper

The exact dates of planting are always interested in both beginners and experienced gardeners. It is not difficult to calculate the time of the first sowing. The age of sweet pepper bushes when planting in open ground should be 76-79 days. In most regions, peppers are planted after the threat of recurrent frosts. This time falls on the third decade of May. Count back and get the day to sow the seeds.

If you plan to plant in the greenhouse, it usually happens in mid-April. Accordingly, the dates are shifted back. Some owners are not able to sow the seeds of sweet pepper so early. Therefore, they do it in the usual time, but the plants dive right into the greenhouse or greenhouse.

By the way, the classical scheme of planting Bulgarian pepper is 40 by 40 cm.

Council In the people there is a sign. If any seedlings are planted on a certain day, then supposedly no subsequent frost will harm her. This day is May 13th. The weather may still be cool, but this should not stop you. Try on a few bushes.According to reviews, the secret works at 100%.

How to care for pepper

Standard care for planting sweet peppers includes:

1. Weeding. Weeds and strive to obscure the peppers and take away the lion's share of nutrients. Therefore, they are ruthlessly pulled out. You can put them right in between rows, as mulch. Let instead of harm bring benefit.
2. Loosening. An earth crust is necessarily broken after each watering or rain. This contributes to better conservation of moisture in the soil. Only this should be done very carefully so as not to damage the root system. It is very capricious pepper and is located close to the surface.
3. Watering. Bulgarian pepper is very responsive to timely watering. Without water, it can grow, but it will be dull, painful and will not yield a crop. At the same time, with excessive soil moisture, the roots may start to rot. Therefore, it is watered only with the threat of drought. In normal climates, it is watered when the topsoil is dry at a depth of at least 10 cm.
4. Shaping. Most often, sweet pepper is allowed to grow in two stalks. That is, pinch the top of the central stem.After that pepper gives several stepchildren. Of them leave the two most powerful, the rest are cut off. And some do not form bushes at all. And they also get good yields.
5. Feeding. Sweet peppers begin to feed with organic matter only with the beginning of flowering. Up to this point, it is advisable to use mineral fertilizers. If you change them in places, you get powerful lush bushes, and there will be few flowers. It is very good to use green liquid fertilizer or bird droppings diluted with water in proportions of 1 to 20. One application in 15 days is enough. Fertilize preferably under the root.
6. Mulching. A very important aspect of pepper care. It allows you to retain moisture in the soil, and therefore the need for frequent watering is gone. And does not allow to grow weed grass, and this facilitates the entire care in the complex. For best results, the layer of mulch should be at least 10 cm. Otherwise, the whole point of the idea is reduced to zero.
7. Pest control. As a rule, pepper bushes are very fond of many pests. And the infusion of garlic helps them a little. Insecticides are much more effective. But, if the owner of landings is categorically against the use of chemistry, then the network is full of popular recipes.Perhaps there is the most suitable. Among them, the most good reviews received tobacco infusions (average handful per liter of boiling water, strain, diluted in 5 liters of pure water) and a mixture based on birch tar (a tablespoon diluted in 10 liters of water).
8. Prevention of diseases. Sick of sweet pepper is often caused by a lack of any elements or their excess. Therefore, you should periodically carefully examine the bushes for various suspicious spots or spots. In any case, the disease is easier to prevent than to try to get rid of them. There are recommendations to alternate spraying with a solution of hydrogen peroxide with a solution of ammonia. Both liquids take 2 tbsp. l 10 liters of clean water.

As can be seen from the list, the care of Bulgarian pepper is not at all difficult. However, it is regular.

Few tricks

1. Now in pharmacies do not sell potassium permanganate. And it is required for several periods of work with bell peppers. Feel free to stomp her into any store that sells fertilizer and fertilizer. There even the recipe is not needed.
2. Try to plant different varieties of sweet pepper away from each other, because they are prone to over-pollination. And even more so, you can not have them next to hot peppers.
3. Always, when picking or transplanting peppers, they try to minimize damage to the earthen clod with the root system. So plants get sick less and take root better.
4. It is believed that the young plants of sweet pepper can not be deepened. This is a mistake. Numerous experiments of gardeners have proved that additional roots are developed on a deep-seated pepper. Therefore, it is safe to plant peppers while dripping them up to the cotyledon leaves.
5. For better pollination of flowers apply sweet water. 300 ml of pure water take 1 tbsp. l sugar, carefully stirred and sprayed future ovaries. Bees are happy to fly on such flowers.

How to grow bell pepper? After reading this article, you can safely answer this question - very easy!

Video: 10 mistakes when growing sweet pepper