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Acne is a serious problem, no one can say with certainty that this trouble will never touch him. Even people with good skin, at least sometimes, for example, during puberty, face acne (acne). Even more troublesome are the possible consequences - the scars (post-acne) left after acne, quite often forever. And this can happen if you neglect the possibility of combating acne.
Causes of acne
Acne - most often a problem of adolescents. Blame the physiology. In adolescence, hormones play, the body changes. In some, this process is painless and goes unnoticed. In others, as a result, external changes on the face. There are third reasons for which age does not matter, and their effect is acne:
- failure of the sebaceous glands;
- excess sex hormones;
- skin inflammation;
- gradual thickening of the cornified layers of the skin;
- violation of the gastrointestinal tract.
Before taking any steps to combat acne, you should find out the cause of their occurrence. It is at this stage that the body decides whether to keep a postacne as a keepsake or to please with a clean face.
Independent inept removal of acne and acne threatens with inflammation and deformation of the skin. Timely intervention by a specialist will help get rid of the problem and prevent the appearance of scars.
The appearance of traces of acne
The severity of skin defects after acne depends on the age at which the problem occurred. In youth, skin regeneration occurs more quickly, especially if in time to seek professional treatment. When the disease takes a long time without special assistance, changes in the structure of the skin of various types occur:
- expansion of pores;
- pigmentation and staining;
- various types of scars;
- capillary dilatation;
- uneven skin texture.
Pigmentation on the skin, unlike scarring, is a consequence of the defeat of the epidermal layer. For example, traces of this kind may remain when the problem has been neglected, or - even worse, acne has been squeezed out. Thus, it is possible not only to leave scars, but also to infect the infection, which can lead to complete damage to the skin of the face and neck.
Post-acne marks appear in the areas of greatest skin damage, and when the repair process is disturbed, scars remain. In case of late treatment or the absence of such, they can “decorate” a person all their life. The most common complications after acne are pore expansion, scarring and dyschromia (discoloration of the affected areas).
How to remove marks from acne
The main and most effective methods are cosmetic procedures.
Pore expansion
This type of post-acne develops when sebum accumulates in hair follicles, mixed with various external pollutants, as well as cosmetics. The expansion of the pores by cosmetic procedures is corrected with the help of drugs aimed at reducing the activity of the sebaceous glands, for example, retinol (retinoic acid).The treatment process is quite long, the therapeutic effect occurs only after a few months.
The elimination of skin defects that have arisen at the site of enlarged pores is promoted by the action of acids: tartaric, glycolic, lactic. After the procedures with the use of these preparations, the cornified layer becomes thinner, the follicle blockage decreases. You can use products with fruit and salicylic acids yourself. After about three months of daily rubbing, the result will be noticeable - a significant narrowing of the skin pores. In this case, it is necessary to give preference to natural fruit acids, as a variant that is more gentle and does not provoke irritations. In order to avoid habituation, after four months it is necessary to take a break for six to eight weeks, then start the next course.
The next method is a chemical peel with an acid content applied once every ten days. After the course of treatment, a break of two to three weeks is required, after which you can continue peeling. A positive effect will manifest itself after two months.
Dyschromia
The result of unqualified removal of nodes, papules, cysts and other mechanical effects on the skin is cyanosis. This result can occur after the opening of the inflamed lesion.Scars and blemishes are more pronounced during the cold season. Special treatment is the most effective way to get rid of acne marks.
The procedures are based on the use of ichthyol, menthol, camphor, nicotinic acid and isopropyl alcohol, which constrict the capillaries of the skin, give it elasticity and slow down the inflammatory processes. Anti-inflammatory and vasodilating drugs are combined with chemical peels, and in combination, they improve the appearance of the skin and restore its protective functions.
Scarring
Defects of the skin in the form of scars can be treated with great difficulty, it is almost impossible to achieve their complete disposal, respectively, the main goal of treatment is to minimize the appearance of scars, to make the affected areas less noticeable against the background of the rest of the skin. Methods are selected strictly individually, taking into account possible contraindications: exacerbation of the inflammatory process, the development of acne at the active stage (occurring at the moment), other skin diseases.
In cosmetology, hyaluronic acid injections are applied with great success, microcurrent or ultrasound therapy,external effects on the skin with masks that deeply nourish it and saturate it with collagen, various biological active ingredients and mucopolysaccharides. Described more will help prevent the appearance of scars, but to reduce scars or get rid of them (if they are small and only recently appeared) more radical methods are used that require turning to complex techniques and compositions: radiosurgical grinding, acid peels, chemical peels (deep dermabrasion). In addition, large old scars can be filled with fillers with hyaluronic acid and collagen, and smaller ones can be smoothed with electrocoagulation and cryodestruction.
In this case, the laser can be used. This procedure is not cheap, but the effect of it is faster and more efficient. After the first procedure, some, not too deep, scars become less noticeable, because in the process of laser therapy skin production of collagen is stimulated. But if you decide to go to this procedure, find a proven cosmetologist with work experience, since every careless movement is the risk that new scars, inflammations and burns will bloom in the place of old scars.
Pigmentation disorders
Pigmentation disorders can manifest themselves in two forms - pigment (dark) spots appear on the skin or depigmentation develops (lightened areas are formed). In the first case, treatment involves taking drugs that slow down the synthesis of melanin, a natural dark pigment responsible for skin color. These include koic acid, ascorbic acid, retinoic acid, as well as arbutin, zinc, copper, iron. It is very effective to combine drug treatment with peels using fruit, glycolic, salicylic, resorcinol and lactic acids.
Depigmented spots require the opposite approach - means are applied to the skin next to the affected areas, which will lighten it, thereby leveling the overall tone. Often, skin depigmentation develops again, and then you need to select a new, stronger and more effective treatment.
Home remedies for post-acne
Independently, without resorting to the recommendations of specialists, it is difficult to remove the scars and traces of acne, but in reality. To do this, you will have to be patient and, above all, strengthen the nervous system, since the process of dealing with the post-attack is a long and exhausting one.In addition, there is no 100% guarantee of results; everything here depends only on the condition of the skin and the extent of its damage.
- Massages using olive oil. First, it is an improvement in blood circulation, and secondly, the oil moisturizes the skin and stimulates the production of collagen.
- Rub with lemon juice. Do not feel sorry for citrus fruits; rub your face with a slice of lemon two or three times a day, because fruit acid is even included in peelings for removing acne.
- Ice rubbing. Everything is the same as with lemon, but be careful in the region of the maxillary sinuses, since a mild cold can turn into chronic sinusitis.
- Honey and egg masks. And to improve the efficiency and accelerate the effect, you can add lemon juice to the composition (for example, beat egg white, mix it with juice and apply on skin for a quarter of an hour).
- Scrubs and peels. It is not necessary to buy them in cosmetic stores, professional tools can replace salt or crushed coffee beans.
In addition to any procedures that affect the skin from the outside or penetrate the surface layers of the dermis, medications are also prescribed,and complex treatment will make the skin more elastic, reduce the appearance of post-acne, and at the same time prevent new scars or blemishes.
Video: how to get rid of acne marks
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