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Elegant russules grow everywhere - in coniferous forests, and in deciduous, and mixed. Bright colored hats - from yellow and red to white and green - can be found anywhere: on grassy glades, on the slopes of the forest edges. About one third of the harvest comes from these mushrooms. In total, there are more than 60 kinds of russula in Russian forests, it will be a matter of russula birch.
Description
Birch Russula is not much different from other species. The cap is fleshy, it breaks quite easily, small - up to 5 centimeters in diameter. Young mushrooms wavy edges, with age in the center of the cap formed small notches. Color varies from red to pinkish-lilac, the middle is slightly yellow. In wet weather it becomes pistachio, specks appear. The peel from the cap is easily separated.The flesh is white, rather fragile, the mushroom smell is mild. The lower part of the cap is lamellar, the plates are white, sparse and thin, brittle, slightly adherent to the stem. Spores in the form of eggs, white powder.
The legs are empty (especially in mature mushrooms), but dense. Thickness is from 7 to 10 millimeters, length - from 3 to 6 centimeters. After the rain, the mushrooms can fall, as the legs soak and become very fragile. The upper part is slightly thicker than the bottom, covered with wrinkles. It has a yellow or white color.
Locations
How edible
Some types of russules directly correspond to their name - they can be eaten raw, without heat treatment. This does not apply to the birch russia - the skin that covers the cap contains toxins that cause intestinal upset and stomach pain.Therefore, it is better to remove the skin and process the mushroom thermally (fry, boil, simmer) for at least 20 minutes, then it will be quite edible and safe.
Healing properties and benefits
Like many mushrooms, birch russules have certain healing properties and are successfully used in medicine. First of all, they contribute to the complete cleansing of the gastrointestinal tract and for people suffering from diseases of the digestive system are simply irreplaceable.
- They contain a large amount of vitamins of group B, participating in all metabolic processes of the body, preventing the formation of anemia and serving as prevention of nervous diseases.
- The necessary vitamin C contributes to the work of the immune system, helps strengthen blood vessels.
- Useful vitamin E is involved in the formation and development of germ cells, helps supply the tissues of the human body with oxygen, nourishes the skin, not allowing it to become dry. There are a lot of mono- and disaccharides, fatty acids and various dietary fibers in russules. Also in large quantities contains metals, along with useful trace elements - iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium.Due to the low calorie content, birch russules are widely used in various kinds of diets and contribute to getting rid of excess weight.
- Among other things, mushrooms contain a lot of lecithin - a substance that interferes with the formation of cholesterol plaques on the walls of blood vessels.
Russula prevent blood clots and are used as an anti-thrombotic agent.
Harm and contraindications
Some poisonous mushrooms look very similar to birch russula, so you should show maximum attention when collecting and beware of eating them raw.
It is also better to refuse eating syroezhek people with heart disease and those who suffer from gastric ulcer.
Cooking and use in cooking
Soups may not be very tasty - the bitterish taste contained in the mushrooms will spoil the dish, so it's better to stew them or fry them. And serve with sour cream.
The undoubted advantage of syruzhek is that they are quickly salted and pickled - literally the next day, everything is ready! And if you mix it with other mushrooms and add onions and other spices, you get an excellent salad.
In general, cooking recipes - a great many, so everyone can choose to your taste.
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