Aspen red - description of where the toxicity of the fungus grows

The species of mushrooms belonging to the red cap boar is included in the Boletov family, the genus Leccinum. This mushroom has many other names. Krasnyuk, aspenik, red mushroom, redberry, redhead - all these are synonymous with the name boletus. In Latin, its name sounds like Leccinum aurantiacum.

general description

The cap of a mushroom in diameter can be as large as 15 cm. But there are also specimens with much larger sizes. When a mushroom is young, the shape of its cap approaches the hemisphere. In the adult state, she can take the form of a shelves. The edges of the cap tightly pressed. This part of the mushroom is colored red, but there may be instances with a brown-red and orange tint.The cap has a peel of a smooth or velvety character to the touch. Of course, it is possible to separate it from the cap, but it is possible with great difficulty.

The color of the cap depends on where the mushroom grows. If aspen prevails in the forest, then an aspen with a dark red hat is found. In the forests with trees, represented by poplars, gray aspen birds grow. In other forests, the coloring of the mushroom cap is characterized by the presence of various shades.

The flesh of the cap is characterized by the presence of pronounced density and fleshiness. As it grows, it softens. The stem is characterized by the presence of pulp fibrous structure. On the cut, under the action of air oxygen, it quickly becomes blue. Then she generally gets a black tint. The flesh does not differ in special taste and smell.

In what places is an aspen growing

They grow in deciduous and mixed forests. As a rule, prefer to be located under a young tree. The most preferred trees for them are aspen and poplar. Sometimes they can be found under other trees. Mushrooms can grow along forest roads, meadows, lawns. Fruiting is carried out with the presence of small groups. The European part of our country, the Urals, Siberia, the Far East, the Caucasus are the territories where this mushroom can be found.

Aspen mushrooms actively produce from June to October. The greatest harvest of these mushrooms can be harvested in aspen groves, small deciduous forests. If the summer is dry, the mushrooms prefer to hide in the wet shoots. Peak fruiting in different species of aspen mushrooms falls on different periods of the mushroom season. For example, the collection of leaf fall is characterized by the mass and duration.They can be collected from late summer to September.

Eating

Redfinch - a mushroom, undoubtedly, edible. It is characterized by a large selection of cooking methods. They marinate, stew, boil, fry. During heat treatment, the orange-cap boletus darkens. In order to avoid this, it must first be soaked in a solution of citric acid. When marinating, aspen mushrooms do not change their color.

False aspen birds: the differences

No one will argue with the fact that the orange-cap boletus is undoubtedly beautiful. Moreover, it can be safely attributed to the safest mushrooms. In the vast majority of all types of aspen mushrooms can be eaten. An experienced mushroom picker, knowing this mushroom well, which is called “face”, boldly collects aspen mushrooms and fearlessly eats them. In this case, there is not the slightest shadow of a doubt that poisoning will not occur.

However, in the literature described the case of intoxication with an aspen. The place of their gathering was North America. But there is no concrete data on which species of aspen birds were eaten.

A beginner mushroom picker may ask a question about the possibility of the existence of false aspen mushrooms. An experienced mushroom picker will say affirmatively that such mushrooms do not exist in nature. But this kind of representatives of the mushroom kingdom is easily confused with the gall mushroom. But it is he who is poisonous. This mushroom is also called gorchak. But, if you take a closer look at it, then with a small-cap boletus it has a very remote resemblance.

Mushrooms differ both in taste and in external features. The gall fungus has a bitter taste. If to make a cut of a leg, then it gets pink or brown color. In addition, there is a brown mesh on the leg. Taste redheads pleasant character. The mushroom itself is characterized by the presence of black scales on the stalk. Cut the legs in the air takes on a blue color.

The benefits of aspen birds

Forest gifts, represented by red cap boletus, have a good taste. Before cooking, they should be soaked in 0.5% citric acid solution.

Useful properties of these mushrooms can be reduced to the following points:

1. The composition of the fungus is 90% water.The share of proteins accounts for approximately 4%. 2% of the mushrooms are composed of fiber. Carbohydrates occupy 1.5%, and fats - 1% of the composition of the fungus. Approximately 1.5% of the composition of the fungus is represented by minerals.
2. Aspen mushrooms are low calorie. It is within 22 kcal in terms of 100 g of product. Nutritionists this mushroom is considered as a component in a complex diet food. These fungi are attributed zero glycemic index. This circumstance allows us to recommend aspen birds for nutrition to people with a history of diabetes.
3. Protein-boletus includes essential amino acids for humans. They have good digestibility, which is close to the figure of 80%. In its composition, the protein fraction of an aspen is similar to animal proteins. For this reason, the broth of these mushrooms is placed on a par with meat broths.
4. The chemical composition of the redhead has a sufficient content of various vitamins. According to the content of B vitamins, this mushroom can be put on a par with cereals. Vitamin PP in an orange-cap boletus is contained in such an amount that according to this indicator it can compete with the liver. Vitamins A and C are present in sufficient quantity in these mushrooms.
5. A wide palette is represented in this mushroom mineral composition. In large quantities, it contains potassium. Slightly less contained magnesium and phosphorus. Also in the composition can be found ions of iron, calcium and sodium.

Scientifically proven is the fact that, if you regularly eat an orange-cap boletus, toxins and slags are rapidly excreted from the body.

If a person has suffered a serious viral disease, then the immune force will help him to restore the broth obtained when cooking aspen mushrooms. It is also useful in anemia, since it enhances the formation of blood cells.

Negatives associated with red-boletus

Undoubtedly, this mushroom is tasty and healthy. But as they say, there are exceptions to any rule. A number of people are prohibited to use aspen birds due to certain limitations:

1. Any mushroom, including aspen mushrooms, is food that is heavy for the body. No one should be particularly abused. Mushroom dishes are contraindicated in persons with a history of severe renal and hepatic pathology.Such persons are strongly recommended to completely eliminate from the diet dishes, which include aspen.
2. Red-boletus has a pronounced tendency to accumulate harmful substances and salts of heavy metals from the environment. They possess such ability to a greater degree in comparison with their counterparts. An experienced mushroom picker who respects himself knows for sure that you cannot take a mushroom that has already outgrown. You can not collect mushrooms, if they grow close to busy routes, which is quite intensive traffic. You should not substitute a basket for those mushrooms, if they grow close to industrial plants. The same swings and various places of burial.
3. Of great importance is the prevention of fungal botulism. To this end, the mushroom must be cut as close as possible to the cap, leaving most of the legs in the ground. When preparing mushrooms at home, you should strictly follow the existing sanitary regulations. Mushrooms should be thoroughly washed. Heat treatment should be of high quality and sufficient in time.
4. You can not eat canned mushroom expired.
5. Red aspen mushrooms should not be bitter to taste. If such a character of taste is still present, perhaps the redhead is confused with some other mushrooms. It is likely that it is a gall fungus.

Some interesting facts

Due to the bright red color of the cap, it is difficult to confuse the orange-cap boletus with some other mushrooms. Hat with a spectacular bright color is clearly visible in the forest thicket.

Residents of some countries inhabiting North America, from the aspen mushrooms prepare a national dish for the wedding. For its preparation select young aspen mushrooms, which are extinguished. At the same time, clove buds and paprika are added to the dish. For cooking without fail use clay pots. The cooked dish is served on the table young.

Video: red-boletus (Leccinum aurantiacum)